Search results for "Tumor tissue"

A Methodological Framework to Discover Pharmacogenomic Interactions Based on Random Forests

2021

The identification of genomic alterations in tumor tissues, including somatic mutations, deletions, and gene amplifications, produces large amounts of data, which can be correlated with a diversity of therapeutic responses. We aimed to provide a methodological framework to discover pharmacogenomic interactions based on Random Forests. We matched two databases from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopaedia (CCLE) project, and the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) project. For a total of 648 shared cell lines, we considered 48,270 gene alterations from CCLE as input features and the area under the dose-response curve (AUC) for 265 drugs from GDSC as the outcomes. A three-step reduction t…

Metabolic Status and Reaction to Heat of Normal and Tumor Tissue

1995

The occurrence of differential heating and differential thermal sensitivity between malignant tumors and normal tissues is thought to be due to limited heat dissipation and energy depletion in many solid tumors which in turn results from an inadequately functioning tumor microcirculation (Jain and Ward-Hartley 1984; Song 1984, 1991; Vaupel and Kallinowski 1987; Reinhold 1988; Vaupel et al. 1988a; Vaupel 1990). As a consequence of the latter pathophysiological condition, supply and drainage function are restricted in many solid tumors or, at least, in some tumor areas, thus creating a hostile metabolic microenvironment characterized by tissue hypoxia, acidosis, and energy depletion. Thermal …

TISSUE OXYGENATION AND NORMAL AND HYPERTHERMIC CONDITIONS

1981

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the tissue oxygenation and normal and hyperthermic conditions. The knowledge of the effect of hyperthermia on tumor and normal tissue blood flow is important not only for the effect of hyperthermia on hypoxic cells at the time of radiation, but also for differential tumor heating. There is considerable evidence from plethsmography that an elevation of normal tissue temperature to 41°C is accompanied by a considerable increase in blood flow. The chapter discusses studies that were conducted to examine changes in the microenvironment of normal and tumor tissue as measured directly with ultramicroelectrodes. In situ studies were carried out in fourth ge…

Non-negative blind source separation techniques for tumor tissue typing using HR-MAS signals.

2010

Given High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) signals from several glioblastoma tumor subjects, the goal is to differentiate between tumor tissue types by separating the different sources that contribute to the profile of each spectrum. Blind source separation techniques are applied for obtaining characteristic profiles for necrosis, high cellular tumor and border tumor tissue, and providing the contribution (abundance) of each tumor tissue to the profile of the spectra. The problem is formulated as a non-negative source separation problem. We illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods and we analyze to which extent the dimension of the input space could influence the perfor…

Dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2 in relation to tumor remission after HER-2 and Raf1 blocking therapy in a conditional mouse tumor model

2006

Several studies have shown that HER-2/neu (erbB-2) blocking therapy strategies can cause tumor remission. However, the responsible molecular mechanisms are not yet known. Both ERK1/2 and Akt/PKB are critical for HER-2-mediated signal transduction. Therefore, we used a mouse tumor model that allows downregulation of HER-2 in tumor tissue by administration of anhydrotetracycline (ATc). Switching-off HER-2 caused a rapid tumor remission by more than 95% within 7 d of ATc administration compared to the volume before switching-off HER-2. Interestingly, HER-2 downregulation caused a dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2 by more than 80% already before tumor remission occurred. Levels of total ERK protein…

Oxygen Diffusion Constants D and K of Tumor Tissue (DS-Carcinosarcoma) and Their Temperature Dependence

1978

To understand more thoroughly the tumor O2 supply conditions, knowledge of O2 diffusivity in tumor tissue is required. Since exact measurements of the O2 diffusion constants of tumor tissue have not been carried out to date, previous investigations of tumor O2 supply had to employ estimated values (6 – 8, 10). The results of these studies are in part contradictory.

Estrogen content and metabolism in human breast tumor tissues and cells.

1996

Unusual Intranuclear Inclusions in Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma: Presence in Primary Tumor

1982

We describe previously unreported intranuclear inclusions in 2 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The inclusions were found in 2-10% of the tumor cells removed from the patients and in 2-10% of the cells examined in tumor tissue xenotransplanted in nude mice. By stereo electron microscopy the inclusions are closely packed undulating fibrils 18-23 nm in diameter. They are sometimes associated with fibrillary bodies. They closely resemble the inclusions reported in some animals inoculated with serum from patients with non-A non-B hepatitis; however, their nature at present is unknown.

O2 Supply Conditions in Tumor Tissue in Vivo

1976

During the last few years O2 supply of tumor tissue has very carefully been investigated using GULLINO’ s model of a “tissue isolated” implantation tumor (GULLINO and GRANTHAM, 1961; GUNTHER et al., 1972; VAUPEL et al., 1971; VAUPEL, 1974). We analysed the O2 supply for a DS-Carcinosarcoma in the rat kidney by two methods: 1. direct measurement of O2 pressures in the tissue by means of gold micro-electrodes, 2. PO2 calculation according to diffusion laws considerring the experimentally determined parameters in the arterial and venous blood.

HETEROGENEOUS OXYGEN TRANSPORT WITHIN MALIGNANT TUMORS

1981

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the heterogeneous oxygen transport within malignant tumors. Many solid tumors disturbances in the vascularization and in the microcirculation generally lead to distinct restrictions in the convective and diffusive transport. Beyond that, a heterogeneous distribution of the transport conditions develops causing an insufficient and heterogeneous substrate supply as well as an inadequate drainage of wastes. As one of the compulsory manifestations, a poor and heterogeneous oxygen supply becomes more extensively evident with increasing tumor size or age. The polarographic measurements of the local tissue pO 2 values in animal tumors show that very low oxy…